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References

  1. Copper Surfaces Reduce the Rate of Healthcare-Acquired Infections in the Intensive Care Unit. Cassandra D Salgado, MD; Kent A Sepkowitz, MD; Joseph F John, MD; J Robert Cantey, MD; Hubert H Attaway, MS; Katherine D Freeman, DrPH; Peter A Sharpe, MBA; Harold T Michels, PhD; Michael G Schmidt, PhD. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology , Vol. 34, No. 5, Special Topic Issue: The Role of the Environment in Infection Prevention (May 2013), pp. 479-486.
     
  2. From Laboratory Research to a Clinical Trial: Copper Alloy Surfaces Kill Bacteria and Reduce Hospital-Acquired Infections. Michels, H.T. 2015. Health Environments Research & Design Journal. 1–16.
     
  3. Sustained Reduction of Microbial Burden on Common Hospital Surfaces through Introduction of Copper. Michael G Schmidt, Hubert H Attaway, Peter A Sharpe, Joseph John Jr, Kent A Sepkowitz, Andrew Morgan, Sarah E Fairey, Susan Singh, Lisa L Steed, J Robert Cantey, Katherine D Freeman, Harold T Michels and Cassandra D Salgado. J Clin Microbiol July 2012 vol. 50 no. 7 2217-2223. Published ahead of print 2 May 2012, doi: 10.1128/JCM.01032-12.
     
  4. Copper Continuously Limits the Concentration of Bacteria Resident on Bed Rails within the Intensive Care Unit. Michael G Schmidt, PhD; Hubert H Attaway III, MS; Sarah E Fairey, BS; Lisa L Steed, PhD; Harold T Michels, PhD; Cassandra D Salgado, MD, MS Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, Vol. 34, No. 5, Special Topic Issue: The Role of the Environment in Infection Prevention (May 2013), pp. 530-533.
     
  5. Evaluation of Antimicrobial Properties of Copper Surfaces in an Outpatient Infectious Disease Practice. Seema Rai, Bruce E Hirsch, Hubert H Attaway, Richard Nadan, S Fairey, J Hardy, G Miller, Donna Armellino, Wilton R Moran, Peter Sharpe, Adam Estelle, J H Michel, Harold T Michels and Michael G Schmidt.
     
  6. Role of Copper in Reducing Hospital Environment Contamination. A L Casey, D Adams, T J Karpanen, P A Lambert, B D Cookson, P Nightingale, L Miruszenko, R Shillam, P Christian and T S J Elliott, J Hosp Infect (2009), doi:10.1016/j.jhin.2009.08.018.
     
  7. The Antimicrobial Efficacy of Copper Alloy Furnishing in the Clinical Environment; a Cross-over Study. T J Karpanen, A L Casey, P A Lambert, B D Cookson, P Nightingale, L Miruszenko L and T S J Elliott. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology. 2012 Jan;33(1):3-9. doi: 10.1086/663644. Epub 2011 Dec 7.
     
  8. Effectiveness of Copper Contact Surfaces in Reducing the Microbial Burden (MB) in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Hospital del Cobre, Calama, Chile. V Prado, C Durán, M Crestto, A Gutierrez, P Sapiain, G Flores, H Fabres, C Tardito, M Schmidt. Poster 56.044, presented at the 14th International Conference on Infectious Diseases, Miami, March 11, 2010.
     
  9. Survival of Bacteria on Metallic Copper Surfaces in a Hospital Trial. André Mikolay, Susanne Huggett, Ladji Tikana, Gregor Grass, Jörg Braun and Dietrich H Nies. Applied Microbial and Cell Physiology, DOI 10.1007/s00253-010-2640-1. May 2010.
     
  10. Antimicrobial Efficacy of Copper Touch Surfaces in Reducing Environmental bioburden in a South African Community Healthcare Facility. F Marais, S Mehtar and L Chalkley, J Hosp Infect (2009), doi:10.1016/j.jhin.2009.07.010.